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Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of Wikipedia's most essential articles. This is one of the sub-lists of the fifty thousand article Vital articles/Level 5 and is currently under construction.

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Quota 1,300 articles.

Total 1,272 articles.

Class #Articles
FA 33
GA 58
B 323
C 461
FFA 15
DGA 14
Start 382
Stub 15

Pre-modern figures

[edit]

This section contains 82 articles.

Ancient

[edit]

This section contains 42 articles.

  1. Agathodaemon (alchemist)
  2. Aglaonice
  3. Ahmes
  4. Apollonius of Perga (Level 4)
  5. Archimedes (Level 3)
  6. Archytas
  7. Callippus
  8. Charaka
  9. Cleopatra the Alchemist
  10. Cleopatra the Physician
  11. Diophantus (Level 4)
  12. Du Shi
  13. Eratosthenes (Level 4)
  14. Euclid (Level 3)
  15. Eudoxus of Cnidus
  16. Galen (Level 4)
  17. Hero of Alexandria
  18. Hipparchus (Level 4)
  19. Hippocrates (Level 3)
  20. Hippocrates of Chios
  21. Hua Tuo
  22. Hypatia (Level 4)
  23. Jīvaka
  24. Liu Hui
  25. Ma Jun (mechanical engineer)
  26. Mary the Jewess
  27. Menaechmus
  28. Pandrosion
  29. Pappus of Alexandria
  30. Dioscorides
  31. Pingala
  32. Pliny the Elder (Level 4)
  33. Pseudo-Democritus
  34. Ptolemy (Level 4)
  35. Pythagoras (Level 4)
  36. Sushruta
  37. Tapputi
  38. Theon of Alexandria
  39. Zhang Heng (Level 4)
  40. Zhang Zhongjing
  41. Zosimos of Panopolis
  42. Zu Chongzhi

Post-classical

[edit]

This section contains 40 articles.

  1. Abbas ibn Firnas
  2. Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi
  3. Abu Bakr al-Razi (Level 4)
  4. Abu Hanifa Dinawari
  5. Anania Shirakatsi
  6. Anthemius of Tralles
  7. Aryabhata (Level 4)
  8. Avicenna (Level 3)
  9. Banū Mūsā brothers
  10. Bhāskara I
  11. Bhāskara II
  12. Al-Biruni (Level 4)
  13. Brahmagupta (Level 4)
  14. Dobrodeia of Kiev
  15. Fibonacci (Level 4)
  16. Guo Shoujing
  17. Herrad of Landsberg
  18. Ibn al-Haytham (Level 4)
  19. Ibn al-Nafis
  20. Ibn Sahl (mathematician)
  21. Ibn Yunus
  22. Al-ʻIjliyyah
  23. Ismail al-Jazari
  24. Jabir ibn Hayyan (Level 4)
  25. Jamshid al-Kashi
  26. Jang Yeong-sil
  27. Jia Xian
  28. Al-Karaji
  29. Al-Khwarizmi (Level 3)
  30. Al-Kindi
  31. Mahāvīra (mathematician)
  32. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (Level 4)
  33. Qin Jiushao
  34. Shen Kuo (Level 3)
  35. Thang Tong Gyalpo
  36. Trota of Salerno
  37. Yang Hui
  38. Yi Xing
  39. Al-Zahrawi (Level 4)
  40. Zhu Shijie

Physics and astronomy

[edit]

This section contains 350 articles.

Early modern

[edit]

This section contains 14 articles.

  1. Émilie du Châtelet
  2. Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
  3. Maria Cunitz
  4. John Theophilus Desaguliers
  5. Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
  6. William Gilbert (physicist) (Level 4)
  7. Stephen Gray (scientist)
  8. Otto von Guericke
  9. Robert Hooke (Level 4)
  10. Christiaan Huygens (Level 4)
  11. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg
  12. Mikhail Lomonosov (Level 4)
  13. Isaac Newton (Level 3)
  14. Evangelista Torricelli

Modern

[edit]

This section contains 262 articles.

  1. Alexei Abrikosov (physicist)
  2. Zhores Alferov
  3. Hannes Alfvén
  4. Luis Walter Alvarez
  5. André-Marie Ampère (Level 4)
  6. Carl David Anderson
  7. Philip W. Anderson
  8. Anders Jonas Ångström
  9. Edward Appleton
  10. Arthur Ashkin
  11. Amedeo Avogadro (Level 4)
  12. Barry Barish
  13. Charles Glover Barkla
  14. Nikolay Basov
  15. Laura Bassi
  16. Henri Becquerel (Level 4)
  17. Georg Bednorz
  18. Hans Bethe (Level 4)
  19. Gerd Binnig
  20. Jean-Baptiste Biot
  21. Patrick Blackett
  22. Felix Bloch
  23. Nicolaas Bloembergen
  24. Aage Bohr
  25. Niels Bohr (Level 4)
  26. Ludwig Boltzmann (Level 4)
  27. Max Born (Level 4)
  28. Jagadish Chandra Bose
  29. Satyendra Nath Bose
  30. Walther Bothe
  31. Willard Boyle
  32. Walter Houser Brattain
  33. Lawrence Bragg
  34. William Henry Bragg (Level 4)
  35. Karl Ferdinand Braun
  36. David Brewster
  37. Percy Williams Bridgman
  38. Bertram Brockhouse
  39. Louis de Broglie
  40. Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (Level 4)
  41. Henry Cavendish (Level 4)
  42. Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
  43. James Chadwick (Level 4)
  44. Owen Chamberlain
  45. Georges Charpak
  46. Pavel Cherenkov
  47. Ernst Chladni
  48. Steven Chu
  49. Rudolf Clausius
  50. John Cockcroft
  51. Arthur Compton
  52. Leon Cooper
  53. Eric Allin Cornell
  54. James Cronin
  55. Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis
  56. Marie Curie (Level 3)
  57. Pierre Curie (Level 4)
  58. Gustaf Dalén
  59. Raymond Davis Jr.
  60. Clinton Davisson
  61. Hans Georg Dehmelt
  62. Paul Dirac (Level 4)
  63. Freeman Dyson
  64. Paul Ehrenfest
  65. Albert Einstein (Level 3)
  66. François Englert
  67. Loránd Eötvös
  68. Leo Esaki
  69. Hugh Everett III
  70. Michael Faraday (Level 3)
  71. Enrico Fermi (Level 4)
  72. Albert Fert
  73. Richard Feynman (Level 4)
  74. Val Logsdon Fitch
  75. Eunice Newton Foote
  76. Léon Foucault (Level 4)
  77. William Alfred Fowler
  78. Ilya Frank
  79. Joseph von Fraunhofer
  80. Jerome Isaac Friedman
  81. Augustin-Jean Fresnel (Level 4)
  82. Dennis Gabor
  83. Hans Geiger
  84. Andre Geim
  85. Murray Gell-Mann (Level 4)
  86. Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
  87. Riccardo Giacconi
  88. Ivar Giaever
  89. Vitaly Ginzburg
  90. Sheldon Glashow
  91. Roy J. Glauber
  92. Louis Harold Gray
  93. Douglas Hartree
  94. John B. Goodenough
  95. David Gross
  96. Peter Grünberg
  97. Charles Édouard Guillaume
  98. Duncan Haldane
  99. John L. Hall
  100. Theodor W. Hänsch
  101. Serge Haroche
  102. Stephen Hawking (Level 4)
  103. Werner Heisenberg (Level 4)
  104. Hermann von Helmholtz (Level 4)
  105. Joseph Henry
  106. Gustav Ludwig Hertz
  107. Heinrich Hertz (Level 4)
  108. Victor Francis Hess
  109. James Franck
  110. Peter Higgs
  111. Robert Hofstadter
  112. Russell Alan Hulse
  113. J. Hans D. Jensen
  114. Brian Josephson
  115. Pascual Jordan
  116. James Prescott Joule (Level 4)
  117. Takaaki Kajita
  118. Michio Kaku
  119. Pyotr Kapitsa
  120. Charles K. Kao (Level 4)
  121. Alfred Kastler
  122. Heinrich Kayser
  123. Henry Way Kendall
  124. Wolfgang Ketterle
  125. Abdul Qadeer Khan
  126. Gustav Kirchhoff (Level 4)
  127. Klaus von Klitzing
  128. Makoto Kobayashi
  129. Masatoshi Koshiba
  130. J. Michael Kosterlitz
  131. Lawrence Krauss
  132. Herbert Kroemer
  133. Polykarp Kusch
  134. Willis Lamb
  135. Lev Landau
  136. Robert B. Laughlin
  137. Max von Laue
  138. Ernest Lawrence (Level 4)
  139. Leon M. Lederman
  140. David Lee (physicist)
  141. Tsung-Dao Lee (Level 4)
  142. Anthony James Leggett
  143. Philipp Lenard
  144. Gabriel Lippmann
  145. Oliver Lodge
  146. Hendrik Lorentz (Level 4)
  147. Ernst Mach (Level 4)
  148. Heinrich Mache
  149. Toshihide Maskawa
  150. John C. Mather
  151. James Clerk Maxwell (Level 3)
  152. Maria Goeppert Mayer
  153. Arthur B. McDonald
  154. Simon van der Meer
  155. Lise Meitner (Level 4)
  156. Albert A. Michelson (Level 4)
  157. Robert Andrews Millikan (Level 4)
  158. Edward W. Morley
  159. Rudolf Mössbauer
  160. Nevill Mott
  161. Ben Roy Mottelson
  162. Gérard Mourou
  163. K. Alex Müller
  164. Yoichiro Nambu
  165. Claude-Louis Navier
  166. Louis Néel
  167. Simon Newcomb
  168. Konstantin Novoselov
  169. Georg Ohm (Level 4)
  170. Mark Oliphant
  171. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
  172. J. Robert Oppenheimer (Level 4)
  173. Hans Christian Ørsted (Level 4)
  174. Douglas Osheroff
  175. Wolfgang Paul
  176. Wolfgang Pauli (Level 4)
  177. Arno Allan Penzias
  178. Marguerite Perey
  179. Martin Lewis Perl
  180. Jean Baptiste Perrin
  181. William Daniel Phillips
  182. Max Planck (Level 4)
  183. Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille
  184. Hugh David Politzer
  185. Aleksandr Popov (physicist)
  186. C. F. Powell
  187. Alexander Prokhorov
  188. Isidor Isaac Rabi
  189. James Rainwater
  190. G. N. Ramachandran
  191. C. V. Raman (Level 4)
  192. Norman Ramsey Jr.
  193. Frederick Reines
  194. Osborne Reynolds
  195. Owen Richardson
  196. Robert Coleman Richardson
  197. Burton Richter
  198. Heinrich Rohrer
  199. Wilhelm Röntgen (Level 4)
  200. Bruno Rossi
  201. Carlo Rubbia
  202. Ernst Ruska
  203. Ernest Rutherford (Level 4)
  204. Andrei Sakharov (Level 4)
  205. Abdus Salam
  206. Arthur Leonard Schawlow
  207. John Robert Schrieffer
  208. Erwin Schrödinger (Level 4)
  209. Melvin Schwartz
  210. Karl Schwarzschild
  211. Julian Schwinger
  212. Thomas Johann Seebeck
  213. Clifford Shull
  214. Rolf Maximilian Sievert
  215. Kai Siegbahn
  216. Manne Siegbahn
  217. George E. Smith
  218. George Smoot
  219. Arnold Sommerfeld
  220. Johannes Stark
  221. Jack Steinberger
  222. Otto Stern
  223. Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet
  224. Horst Ludwig Störmer
  225. Donna Strickland
  226. John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh
  227. Gerard 't Hooft
  228. Igor Tamm
  229. G. I. Taylor
  230. Richard E. Taylor
  231. Edward Teller (Level 4)
  232. George Paget Thomson
  233. J. J. Thomson (Level 4)
  234. Lord Kelvin (Level 4)
  235. Kip Thorne
  236. David Thouless
  237. Samuel C. C. Ting
  238. Shin'ichirō Tomonaga
  239. Charles H. Townes
  240. Daniel C. Tsui
  241. John Tyndall
  242. John Hasbrouck Van Vleck
  243. Martinus J. G. Veltman
  244. Johannes Diderik van der Waals (Level 4)
  245. Ernest Walton
  246. Wilhelm Eduard Weber
  247. Steven Weinberg
  248. Rainer Weiss
  249. Carl Wieman
  250. Wilhelm Wien
  251. Eugene Wigner
  252. Frank Wilczek
  253. C. T. R. Wilson
  254. Kenneth G. Wilson
  255. David J. Wineland
  256. Edward Witten
  257. Chien-Shiung Wu
  258. Yang Chen-Ning
  259. Thomas Young (scientist) (Level 4)
  260. Hideki Yukawa
  261. Pieter Zeeman
  262. Frits Zernike

Astronomy

[edit]

This section contains 74 articles.

  1. Walter Baade
  2. Benjamin Banneker
  3. Jocelyn Bell Burnell
  4. Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
  5. Tycho Brahe (Level 4)
  6. Michael E. Brown
  7. Margaret Burbidge
  8. Annie Jump Cannon
  9. Giovanni Domenico Cassini
  10. Anders Celsius
  11. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
  12. Nicolaus Copernicus (Level 3)
  13. Arthur Eddington
  14. Sandra Faber
  15. John Flamsteed
  16. Williamina Fleming
  17. Galileo Galilei (Level 3)
  18. Johann Gottfried Galle
  19. Reinhard Genzel
  20. Andrea M. Ghez
  21. George Ellery Hale
  22. Edmond Halley (Level 4)
  23. Caroline Herschel (Level 4)
  24. William Herschel (Level 4)
  25. Ejnar Hertzsprung
  26. Johannes Hevelius
  27. Antony Hewish
  28. Fred Hoyle
  29. Edwin Hubble (Level 4)
  30. Margaret Lindsay Huggins
  31. William Huggins
  32. Karl Guthe Jansky
  33. Katherine Johnson
  34. Johannes Kepler (Level 4)
  35. Maria Margaretha Kirch
  36. Dorothea Klumpke
  37. Gerard Kuiper
  38. Samuel Langley
  39. Urbain Le Verrier
  40. Henrietta Swan Leavitt
  41. Georges Lemaître (Level 4)
  42. Simon Marius
  43. Annie S. D. Maunder
  44. Michel Mayor
  45. Charles Messier
  46. Maria Mitchell
  47. Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers
  48. Jan Oort
  49. Margaretta Palmer
  50. Anton Pannekoek
  51. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin
  52. Jim Peebles
  53. Saul Perlmutter
  54. Didier Queloz
  55. Adam Riess
  56. Nancy Roman
  57. Vera Rubin
  58. Henry Norris Russell
  59. Martin Ryle
  60. Carl Sagan (Level 4)
  61. Edwin E. Salpeter
  62. Allan Sandage
  63. Brian Schmidt
  64. Vesto Slipher
  65. Mary Somerville
  66. Lyman Spitzer
  67. Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf
  68. Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.
  69. Clyde Tombaugh
  70. Neil deGrasse Tyson
  71. Mary Watson Whitney
  72. Robert Woodrow Wilson
  73. Zhang Yuzhe
  74. Fritz Zwicky

Chemistry

[edit]

This section contains 95 articles.

  1. Paul Anastas
  2. Frances Arnold
  3. Svante Arrhenius (Level 4)
  4. Adolf von Baeyer
  5. Maria Bakunin
  6. Claude Louis Berthollet
  7. Carolyn Bertozzi
  8. Jöns Jacob Berzelius (Level 4)
  9. Joseph Black
  10. Carl Bosch
  11. Roger Joseph Boscovich
  12. Robert Boyle (Level 4)
  13. Caleb Bradham
  14. Robert Bunsen
  15. Cyril Callister
  16. Ernst Chain
  17. Per Teodor Cleve
  18. Gerty Cori
  19. William Crookes
  20. John Dalton (Level 4)
  21. Humphry Davy (Level 4)
  22. Peter Debye (Level 4)
  23. Jennifer Doudna
  24. Eva Ekeblad
  25. Emil Fischer
  26. Ernst Otto Fischer
  27. Paul Flory
  28. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (Level 4)
  29. Alexander Gettler
  30. Josiah Willard Gibbs (Level 4)
  31. Edward A. Guggenheim
  32. Fritz Haber (Level 4)
  33. Otto Hahn (Level 4)
  34. Jan Baptist van Helmont
  35. Germain Henri Hess
  36. Jaroslav Heyrovský
  37. Dorothy Hodgkin (Level 4)
  38. Albert Hofmann
  39. Irène Joliot-Curie
  40. Percy Lavon Julian
  41. August Kekulé
  42. Martin Heinrich Klaproth
  43. Aaron Klug
  44. Irving Langmuir (Level 4)
  45. Antoine Lavoisier (Level 3)
  46. Jean-Marie Lehn
  47. Luis Federico Leloir
  48. Gilbert N. Lewis (Level 4)
  49. Justus von Liebig (Level 4)
  50. Eli Lilly
  51. Kathleen Lonsdale
  52. Angelo Mariani (chemist)
  53. Edwin McMillan
  54. Dmitri Mendeleev (Level 3)
  55. Maud Menten
  56. Thomas Midgley Jr.
  57. Henri Moissan
  58. Carl Gustaf Mosander
  59. Robert S. Mulliken
  60. Walther Nernst
  61. Mathieu Orfila
  62. Wilhelm Ostwald
  63. Linus Pauling (Level 4)
  64. John Stith Pemberton
  65. John Polanyi
  66. Joseph Priestley (Level 4)
  67. Ilya Prigogine
  68. William Ramsay
  69. François-Marie Raoult
  70. Merle Randall
  71. Ellen Swallow Richards
  72. Elizabeth Rona
  73. George Rosenkranz
  74. Frederick Sanger (Level 4)
  75. Carl Wilhelm Scheele
  76. Glenn T. Seaborg
  77. Michael Sendivogius
  78. Alexander Shulgin
  79. Benjamin Silliman
  80. Frederick Soddy
  81. Hermann Staudinger
  82. Henry Taube
  83. Arne Tiselius
  84. Tu Youyou
  85. Harold Urey (Level 4)
  86. Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (Level 4)
  87. Carl Wagner
  88. M. Stanley Whittingham
  89. Geoffrey Wilkinson
  90. Friedrich Wöhler (Level 4)
  91. William Hyde Wollaston
  92. Robert Burns Woodward (Level 4)
  93. Ada Yonath
  94. Akira Yoshino
  95. Ahmed Zewail

Life sciences

[edit]

This section contains 254 articles.

Biology

[edit]

This section contains 126 articles.

  1. Erik Acharius
  2. Louis Agassiz (Level 4)
  3. Carl Akeley
  4. Johnny Appleseed
  5. Peter Artedi
  6. John James Audubon (Level 4)
  7. Karl Ernst von Baer
  8. Joseph Banks (Level 4)
  9. William Bateson
  10. Martinus Beijerinck
  11. Elizabeth Blackburn
  12. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
  13. James Bond (ornithologist)
  14. Aimé Bonpland
  15. Norman Borlaug (Level 4)
  16. George Albert Boulenger
  17. Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
  18. Linda B. Buck
  19. Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon
  20. Luther Burbank
  21. Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
  22. Rachel Carson (Level 4)
  23. George Washington Carver (Level 4)
  24. Thomas Cavalier-Smith
  25. Emmanuelle Charpentier
  26. Carl Chun
  27. Carolus Clusius
  28. Ferdinand Cohn
  29. Edward Drinker Cope (Level 4)
  30. Francis Crick (Level 4)
  31. Georges Cuvier (Level 4)
  32. Theodosius Dobzhansky
  33. Charles Darwin (Level 3)
  34. Richard Dawkins
  35. Sylvia Earle
  36. Paul R. Ehrlich
  37. Johan Christian Fabricius
  38. William Farrer
  39. Dian Fossey
  40. Rosalind Franklin (Level 4)
  41. Karl von Frisch
  42. Birutė Galdikas
  43. Conrad Gessner
  44. David Goodall (botanist)
  45. Jane Goodall (Level 4)
  46. Philip Henry Gosse
  47. Stephen Jay Gould (Level 4)
  48. Temple Grandin
  49. Carol W. Greider
  50. Aubrey de Grey
  51. Albert Günther
  52. Ernst Haeckel (Level 4)
  53. J. B. S. Haldane
  54. Stephen Hales
  55. Albrecht von Haller
  56. W. D. Hamilton (Level 4)
  57. John Hancock (ornithologist)
  58. Leland H. Hartwell
  59. Johann Jakob Heckel
  60. Joseph Dalton Hooker (Level 4)
  61. Tim Hunt
  62. G. Evelyn Hutchinson
  63. Thomas Henry Huxley (Level 4)
  64. Dmitri Ivanovsky
  65. Katalin Karikó
  66. Motoo Kimura
  67. William Kirby (entomologist)
  68. Hans Krebs (biochemist) (Level 4)
  69. Gerard Krefft
  70. Robin Wall Kimmerer
  71. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (Level 4)
  72. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (Level 4)
  73. Rudolf Leuckart
  74. Rita Levi-Montalcini
  75. Carl Linnaeus (Level 3)
  76. James Lovelock
  77. Konrad Lorenz (Level 4)
  78. Lynn Margulis
  79. Othniel Charles Marsh
  80. Ernst Mayr
  81. Barbara McClintock (Level 4)
  82. Gregor Mendel (Level 4)
  83. Maria Sibylla Merian
  84. Bill Mollison
  85. Thomas Hunt Morgan
  86. Newton Morton
  87. May-Britt Moser
  88. Hermann Joseph Muller
  89. Carl Nägeli
  90. Hideyo Noguchi
  91. Paul Nurse
  92. Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
  93. Lorenz Oken
  94. Richard Owen
  95. Peter Simon Pallas
  96. Joan Beauchamp Procter
  97. Jan Evangelista Purkyně
  98. John Ray
  99. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (Level 4)
  100. René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
  101. Francesco Redi
  102. Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
  103. Aziz Sancar
  104. Lazzaro Spallanzani
  105. Theodor Schwann
  106. Georg Wilhelm Steller
  107. Nettie Stevens
  108. Jan Swammerdam
  109. Armen Takhtajan
  110. D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson
  111. Nikolaas Tinbergen
  112. Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus
  113. Ludolph Christian Treviranus
  114. Robert Trivers
  115. Nikolai Vavilov
  116. Craig Venter
  117. Hugo de Vries
  118. Alfred Russel Wallace (Level 4)
  119. Eugenius Warming (Level 4)
  120. James Watson (Level 4)
  121. August Weismann
  122. Robert Whittaker (ecologist)
  123. Ian Wilmut
  124. E. O. Wilson
  125. Carl Woese
  126. Arthur Smith Woodward

Medicine

[edit]

This section contains 128 articles.

  1. Edward Angle
  2. Hans Asperger
  3. Christiaan Barnard
  4. Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
  5. Emil von Behring
  6. Charles Bell
  7. Claude Bernard (Level 4)
  8. Greene Vardiman Black
  9. Emil du Bois-Reymond
  10. Louise Boursier
  11. James Braid (surgeon)
  12. Christian Wilhelm Braune
  13. T. Berry Brazelton
  14. Macfarlane Burnet
  15. Alexis Carrel
  16. Ben Carson
  17. Victor Chang
  18. Jean-Martin Charcot
  19. Guy de Chauliac
  20. Francis Collins
  21. Harvey Cushing
  22. Marguerite Davis
  23. Michael DeBakey
  24. Dorothea Dix
  25. Richard Doll
  26. Gerhard Domagk
  27. Charles R. Drew
  28. Paul Ehrlich
  29. Gertrude B. Elion
  30. Caldwell Esselstyn
  31. Hieronymus Fabricius
  32. Gabriele Falloppio
  33. Pierre Fauchard
  34. Anthony Fauci
  35. Alexander Fleming (Level 4)
  36. Howard Florey
  37. Robert Gallo
  38. Luigi Galvani (Level 4)
  39. Harold Gillies
  40. Niall Ó Glacáin
  41. Frank Gotch (physician)
  42. Albrecht von Graefe (ophthalmologist)
  43. John Scott Haldane
  44. William Stewart Halsted
  45. Alice Hamilton
  46. Hanaoka Seishū
  47. Harald zur Hausen
  48. William Harvey (Level 4)
  49. He Jiankui
  50. Félix d'Hérelle
  51. Austin Bradford Hill
  52. Maurice Hilleman
  53. Takeshi Hirayama
  54. Fred Hollows
  55. John Hunter (surgeon)
  56. Charles Thomas Jackson
  57. Edward Jenner (Level 4)
  58. Robert A. Kehoe
  59. Howard Atwood Kelly
  60. Elizabeth Kenny
  61. Ancel Keys
  62. Mary Seacole
  63. Kitasato Shibasaburō
  64. Robert Knox (surgeon)
  65. Robert Koch (Level 4)
  66. C. Everett Koop
  67. René Laennec
  68. Michael M. C. Lai
  69. Philip J. Landrigan
  70. Karl Landsteiner
  71. Jérôme Lejeune
  72. Li Shizhen (Level 4)
  73. Li Wenliang
  74. James Lind
  75. Joseph Lister (Level 4)
  76. Crawford Long
  77. Robert Lustig
  78. Marcello Malpighi
  79. Barry Marshall
  80. Elmer McCollum
  81. Ephraim McDowell
  82. Victor A. McKusick
  83. Élie Metchnikoff
  84. António Egas Moniz
  85. Luc Montagnier
  86. William T. G. Morton
  87. Denis Mukwege
  88. Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
  89. Herbert Needleman
  90. Florence Nightingale (Level 3)
  91. Thomas Noguchi
  92. Bennet Omalu
  93. William Osler
  94. Frank Pantridge
  95. Paracelsus (Level 4)
  96. Ambroise Paré
  97. Louis Pasteur (Level 3)
  98. Bernard Peyrilhe
  99. Peter Piot
  100. Bernardino Ramazzini
  101. Ian Clunies Ross
  102. Florence R. Sabin
  103. Ernest Sachs
  104. Oliver Sacks
  105. Peter Safar
  106. Jonas Salk (Level 4)
  107. Ignaz Semmelweis (Level 4)
  108. Michael Servetus
  109. J. Marion Sims
  110. John Snow
  111. Benjamin Spock
  112. Thomas Starzl
  113. Alice Stewart
  114. Edith Anne Stoney
  115. Hubertus Strughold
  116. Thomas Sydenham
  117. Max Theiler
  118. Hugh Owen Thomas
  119. George Tiller
  120. Andreas Vesalius (Level 4)
  121. Otto Heinrich Warburg
  122. William H. Welch
  123. Alexander S. Wiener
  124. Ole Worm
  125. Wu Lien-teh
  126. Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
  127. Alexandre Yersin
  128. John Yudkin

Earth science and physical geography

[edit]

This section contains 47 articles.

  1. Mary Anning
  2. Georgius Agricola
  3. C. H. D. Buys Ballot
  4. Francis Beaufort
  5. Vilhelm Bjerknes
  6. Alexandre Brongniart
  7. Mikhail Budyko
  8. Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin
  9. Jacques Cousteau (Level 4)
  10. William Morris Davis
  11. Nicolas Desmarest
  12. Robert FitzRoy
  13. Maurice Ewing
  14. Archibald Geikie
  15. Victor Goldschmidt
  16. Jean-Étienne Guettard
  17. James Hansen
  18. Katharine Hayhoe
  19. James Hutton (Level 4)
  20. David A. Johnston
  21. Charles David Keeling
  22. Katia and Maurice Krafft
  23. Wladimir Köppen
  24. Inge Lehmann
  25. Charles Lyell (Level 4)
  26. William Maclure
  27. Édouard-Alfred Martel
  28. Michael E. Mann
  29. Matthew Fontaine Maury
  30. Milutin Milanković
  31. Eilhard Mitscherlich
  32. Andrija Mohorovičić
  33. Friedrich Mohs
  34. Roderick Murchison
  35. Clair Patterson
  36. Jacques Piccard
  37. Charles Richter
  38. Horace Bénédict de Saussure
  39. Adam Sedgwick
  40. William Smith (geologist)
  41. Nicolas Steno
  42. Marie Tharp (Level 4)
  43. Vladimir Vernadsky
  44. Don Walsh
  45. Alfred Wegener (Level 4)
  46. Abraham Gottlob Werner
  47. John Tuzo Wilson

Inventors and engineers

[edit]

This section contains 187 articles.

  1. Clément Ader
  2. Isamu Akasaki
  3. Hiroshi Amano
  4. Anousheh Ansari
  5. Ottomar Anschütz
  6. George Antheil
  7. Frederick Scott Archer
  8. Richard Arkwright
  9. Nicolas Appert
  10. Leo Baekeland (Level 4)
  11. John Logie Baird (Level 4)
  12. John Bardeen (Level 4)
  13. Joseph Bazalgette
  14. Alexander Graham Bell (Level 4)
  15. Carl Benz (Level 4)
  16. Emile Berliner (Level 4)
  17. Henry Bessemer
  18. Roger Béteille
  19. Bi Sheng
  20. László Bíró
  21. Jean-Pierre Blanchard
  22. Louis Désiré Blanquart-Evrard
  23. Hendrik Wade Bode
  24. Hubert Cecil Booth
  25. Wernher von Braun (Level 4)
  26. Ross Brawn
  27. John Browning
  28. Isambard Kingdom Brunel (Level 4)
  29. Vannevar Bush
  30. George Cayley
  31. Octave Chanute
  32. André Citroën
  33. Josephine Cochrane
  34. Paul Cornu
  35. Caresse Crosby
  36. Cai Lun (Level 4)
  37. Wallace Carothers (Level 4)
  38. Willis Carrier
  39. Glenn Curtiss
  40. Louis Daguerre (Level 4)
  41. Gottlieb Daimler
  42. Jacob W. Davis
  43. John Deere (inventor)
  44. John DeLorean
  45. William Kennedy Dickson
  46. Rudolf Diesel (Level 4)
  47. Karl Drais
  48. Cornelis Drebbel
  49. George Eastman (Level 4)
  50. Doc Edgerton
  51. Thomas Edison (Level 3)
  52. Gustave Eiffel (Level 4)
  53. Robert Esnault-Pelterie
  54. Philo Farnsworth (Level 4)
  55. George Washington Gale Ferris Jr.
  56. Reginald Fessenden
  57. Maurice Fernez
  58. Lee de Forest (Level 4)
  59. Robert Fulton (Level 4)
  60. Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov
  61. George Gallup
  62. Richard Jordan Gatling
  63. Robert H. Goddard (Level 4)
  64. George Washington Goethals
  65. Leslie Groves
  66. Johannes Gutenberg (Level 3)
  67. Hans Hass
  68. Lawrence Hargrave
  69. James Hargreaves
  70. John Harrison
  71. Oliver Heaviside
  72. John Herschel
  73. Bill Hewlett
  74. Rowland Hill
  75. John Philip Holland
  76. Benjamin Holt
  77. August Horch
  78. Godfrey Hounsfield
  79. Elias Howe
  80. Mikhail Kalashnikov
  81. Theodore von Kármán
  82. Joseph Kekuku
  83. Charles F. Kettering
  84. Jack Kilby (Level 4)
  85. Fazlur Rahman Khan
  86. Margaret E. Knight
  87. Vladimir Komarov
  88. Sergei Korolev (Level 4)
  89. Stephanie Kwolek
  90. Hedy Lamarr
  91. Louis Le Prince
  92. Otto Lilienthal
  93. Allan Lockheed
  94. John J. Loud
  95. Malcolm Lockheed
  96. Ignacy Łukasiewicz
  97. Thomas Harris MacDonald
  98. Nikolay Makarov (firearms designer)
  99. Guglielmo Marconi (Level 4)
  100. Étienne-Jules Marey
  101. Glenn L. Martin
  102. Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville
  103. Hiram Maxim
  104. Wilhelm Maybach
  105. Cyrus McCormick (Level 4)
  106. Willy Messerschmitt
  107. Pierre Michaux
  108. Montgolfier brothers (Level 4)
  109. John Joseph Montgomery
  110. Paul Moody (inventor)
  111. Samuel Morse (Level 4)
  112. William Mulholland
  113. Shuji Nakamura
  114. Thomas Newcomen
  115. Nicéphore Niépce (Level 4)
  116. Alfred Nobel (Level 4)
  117. Umberto Nobile
  118. Bill Nye
  119. Hermann Oberth
  120. Étienne Oehmichen
  121. Elisha Otis
  122. Nicolaus Otto
  123. Denis Papin
  124. George Safford Parker
  125. Charles Algernon Parsons (Level 4)
  126. Jack Parsons
  127. Percy Pilcher
  128. Ferdinand Porsche
  129. Ludwig Prandtl
  130. Yves Le Prieur
  131. George Pullman
  132. William Rankine
  133. Franz Reichelt
  134. Hanna Reitsch
  135. Sylvester H. Roper
  136. Henry Royce
  137. Alberto Santos-Dumont
  138. Pavel Schilling
  139. Hugo Schmeisser
  140. William Shockley (Level 4)
  141. Vladimir Shukhov
  142. Carl Wilhelm Siemens
  143. Werner von Siemens
  144. Igor Sikorsky
  145. Kia Silverbrook
  146. John Smeaton
  147. Horace Smith (inventor)
  148. Henry Sutton (inventor)
  149. George Stephenson (Level 4)
  150. Eugene Stoner
  151. Kenjiro Takayanagi
  152. Henry Fox Talbot
  153. Tanaka Hisashige
  154. Frederick Winslow Taylor
  155. Thomas Telford
  156. Frederick Terman
  157. Nikola Tesla (Level 3)
  158. John T. Thompson
  159. LaMarcus Adna Thompson
  160. Constance Tipper
  161. Fritz Todt
  162. Fedor Tokarev
  163. Sakichi Toyoda
  164. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
  165. Jethro Tull (agriculturist)
  166. Andrei Tupolev
  167. David Unaipon
  168. Heinrich Vollmer
  169. Alessandro Volta (Level 4)
  170. Felix Wankel
  171. Wang Zhen (inventor)
  172. George Washington (inventor)
  173. James Watt (Level 4)
  174. Daniel B. Wesson
  175. Charles Wheatstone
  176. Eli Whitney (Level 4)
  177. John Wilkinson (industrialist)
  178. Oliver Winchester
  179. Steve Wozniak (Level 4)
  180. Wright brothers (Level 4)
  181. Qian Xuesen
  182. Shunpei Yamazaki
  183. Chuck Yeager
  184. Frank Zamboni
  185. Franky Zapata
  186. Ferdinand von Zeppelin
  187. Nikolay Zhukovsky (scientist)

Mathematicians

[edit]

This section contains 186 articles.

Early modern

[edit]

This section contains 31 articles.

  1. Maria Gaetana Agnesi
  2. Jean le Rond d'Alembert (Level 4)
  3. John Arbuthnot
  4. Bernoulli family
    1. Daniel Bernoulli (Level 4)
    2. Jacob Bernoulli (Level 4)
    3. Johann Bernoulli (Level 4)
  5. Bernard Bolzano
  6. Henry Briggs (mathematician)
  7. Jost Bürgi
  8. Gerolamo Cardano (Level 4)
  9. Leonhard Euler (Level 3)
  10. Pierre de Fermat (Level 4)
  11. James Gregory (mathematician)
  12. Edmund Gunter
  13. Guillaume de l'Hôpital
  14. William Jones (mathematician)
  15. Johann Heinrich Lambert
  16. Adrien-Marie Legendre
  17. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (Level 4)
  18. Madhava of Sangamagrama
  19. Pierre Louis Maupertuis
  20. Abraham de Moivre
  21. John Napier
  22. William Oughtred
  23. Blaise Pascal (Level 4)
  24. William Playfair
  25. Seki Takakazu
  26. Brook Taylor
  27. François Viète
  28. John Wallis

Modern

[edit]

This section contains 155 articles.

  1. Niels Henrik Abel (Level 4)
  2. Grace Alele-Williams
  3. Pavel Alexandrov
  4. Emil Artin
  5. Michael Atiyah
  6. Robert Aumann
  7. Stefan Banach (Level 4)
  8. Thomas Bayes
  9. Richard E. Bellman
  10. Elwyn Berlekamp
  11. Dorothy Lewis Bernstein
  12. Joan Birman
  13. János Bolyai
  14. George Boole (Level 4)
  15. Émile Borel
  16. Nicolas Bourbaki
  17. George E. P. Box
  18. Bodil Branner
  19. L. E. J. Brouwer
  20. Georg Cantor (Level 4)
  21. Constantin Carathéodory
  22. Élie Cartan
  23. Henri Cartan
  24. Mary Cartwright
  25. Augustin-Louis Cauchy (Level 4)
  26. Arthur Cayley (Level 4)
  27. Pafnuty Chebyshev
  28. John Horton Conway
  29. Brian Cox (physicist)
  30. Gertrude Mary Cox
  31. Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter
  32. George Dantzig
  33. Ingrid Daubechies
  34. Richard Dedekind
  35. Girard Desargues
  36. Jean Dieudonné
  37. Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (Level 4)
  38. Ioana Dumitriu
  39. Winifred Edgerton Merrill
  40. Samuel Eilenberg
  41. Gotthold Eisenstein
  42. Arpad Elo
  43. Paul Erdős
  44. Philippa Fawcett
  45. Ronald Fisher (Level 4)
  46. Joseph Fourier (Level 4)
  47. Gottlob Frege (Level 4)
  48. Évariste Galois (Level 4)
  49. Francis Galton (Level 4)
  50. Martin Gardner
  51. Carl Friedrich Gauss (Level 3)
  52. Sophie Germain
  53. Olga Gil Medrano
  54. Gloria Ford Gilmer
  55. Kurt Gödel (Level 3)
  56. Alexander Grothendieck (Level 4)
  57. Mikhael Gromov (mathematician)
  58. Joséphine Guidy Wandja
  59. Richard K. Guy
  60. William Rowan Hamilton (Level 4)
  61. G. H. Hardy
  62. Felix Hausdorff
  63. Euphemia Haynes
  64. Katherine Heinrich
  65. Charles Hermite (Level 4)
  66. David Hilbert (Level 4)
  67. Susan Howson (mathematician)
  68. Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi (Level 4)
  69. Camille Jordan
  70. Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler
  71. Gudrun Kalmbach
  72. Leonid Kantorovich
  73. Ina Kersten
  74. Felix Klein
  75. Andrey Kolmogorov (Level 4)
  76. Sofya Kovalevskaya
  77. Cecilia Krieger
  78. Leopold Kronecker
  79. Ernst Kummer
  80. Joseph-Louis Lagrange (Level 4)
  81. Serge Lang
  82. Robert Langlands
  83. Pierre-Simon Laplace (Level 4)
  84. Tullio Levi-Civita
  85. Sophus Lie
  86. Joseph Liouville
  87. John Edensor Littlewood
  88. Nikolai Lobachevsky (Level 4)
  89. Maria Laura Moura Mouzinho Leite Lopes
  90. Edward Norton Lorenz
  91. Aleksandr Lyapunov
  92. Saunders Mac Lane
  93. Benoit Mandelbrot (Level 4)
  94. Alison Miller
  95. Hermann Minkowski
  96. Maryam Mirzakhani
  97. Gösta Mittag-Leffler
  98. August Ferdinand Möbius
  99. Gaspard Monge (Level 4)
  100. Cathleen Synge Morawetz
  101. Augustus De Morgan
  102. John Forbes Nash Jr.
  103. John von Neumann (Level 4)
  104. Emmy Noether (Level 3)
  105. Giuseppe Peano
  106. Karl Pearson (Level 4)
  107. Roger Penrose
  108. Grigori Perelman
  109. Stefanie Petermichl
  110. Louise Petrén-Overton
  111. Henri Poincaré (Level 4)
  112. Siméon Denis Poisson (Level 4)
  113. George Pólya
  114. Cheryl Praeger
  115. Srinivasa Ramanujan (Level 4)
  116. Mina Rees
  117. Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro
  118. Marjorie Rice
  119. Bernhard Riemann (Level 4)
  120. Julia Robinson
  121. Marie-Françoise Roy
  122. Mary Ellen Rudin
  123. Mildred Sanderson
  124. Doris Schattschneider
  125. Arthur Moritz Schoenflies
  126. Charlotte Scott
  127. Corrado Segre
  128. Caroline Series
  129. Claude Shannon (Level 4)
  130. Lloyd Shapley
  131. Radhanath Sikdar
  132. James Joseph Sylvester
  133. Dona Strauss
  134. Daina Taimiņa
  135. Terence Tao
  136. Alfred Tarski (Level 4)
  137. Jean Taylor
  138. Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann
  139. Edward Tufte
  140. Karen Uhlenbeck
  141. Stanisław Ulam
  142. Oswald Veblen
  143. Maryna Viazovska
  144. Claire Voisin
  145. Vito Volterra
  146. Helen M. Walker
  147. Pierre Wantzel
  148. Karl Weierstrass (Level 4)
  149. André Weil
  150. Gladys West
  151. Hermann Weyl (Level 4)
  152. Norbert Wiener
  153. Andrew Wiles
  154. Melanie Wood
  155. Ernst Zermelo

Computer scientists and programmers

[edit]

This section contains 71 articles.

  1. Howard H. Aiken
  2. Gene Amdahl
  3. Kathleen Antonelli
  4. Chieko Asakawa
  5. John Vincent Atanasoff
  6. Charles Babbage (Level 4)
  7. Jean Bartik
  8. Tim Berners-Lee (Level 4)
  9. Dan Bricklin
  10. Vitalik Buterin
  11. Arthur E. Bryson
  12. Vint Cerf
  13. Alonzo Church
  14. Wesley A. Clark
  15. Bram Cohen
  16. Lynn Conway
  17. Stephen Cook
  18. Seymour Cray
  19. Ward Cunningham
  20. Dave Cutler
  21. Edsger W. Dijkstra (Level 4)
  22. J. Presper Eckert
  23. Brendan Eich
  24. Douglas Engelbart (Level 4)
  25. Shawn Fanning
  26. Jay Wright Forrester
  27. Timnit Gebru
  28. James Gosling
  29. Margaret Hamilton (software engineer)
  30. David Heinemeier Hansson
  31. Geoffrey Hinton
  32. Tony Hoare
  33. Herman Hollerith
  34. Grace Hopper (Level 4)
  35. Betty Holberton
  36. Jean Ichbiah
  37. Robert Kahn (computer scientist)
  38. Richard M. Karp
  39. Mary Kenneth Keller
  40. Gary Kildall
  41. Donald Knuth (Level 4)
  42. Leslie Lamport
  43. Fei-Fei Li
  44. Barbara Liskov
  45. Ada Lovelace (Level 4)
  46. Yukihiro Matsumoto
  47. John McAfee
  48. John McCarthy (computer scientist)
  49. Marvin Minsky
  50. Bram Moolenaar
  51. Satoshi Nakamoto
  52. Andrew Ng
  53. Dennis Ritchie (Level 4)
  54. Guido van Rossum
  55. Adi Shamir
  56. Roger Sisson
  57. Richard Stallman
  58. Bjarne Stroustrup
  59. Ivan Sutherland
  60. Aaron Swartz
  61. Ken Thompson
  62. Linus Torvalds (Level 4)
  63. Alan Turing (Level 3)
  64. John Warnock
  65. Maurice Wilkes
  66. Niklaus Wirth
  67. Margaret H. Wright
  68. Andrew Yao
  69. Lotfi A. Zadeh
  70. George Zames
  71. Konrad Zuse (Level 4)


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